Mowa zależna
Mowa zależna jest to relacja z tego co ktoś powiedział
Mowę zależną tworzy się na dwa sposoby:
- ze zmianą czasu gramatycznego
- bez zmiany czasu
Kiedy nie trzeba zmieniać czasu?
Czas nie zmienia się, gdy przekazujemy czyjąś aktualną opinię
Jak znieniają się czasy?
Zmiana czasów w zdaniach mowy zależnej:
1) Present Simple -> Past Simple
2) Present Continuous -> Past Continuous
3) Past Simple -> Past Perfect
4) Past Continuous -> Past Perfect Continuous
5) Present Perfect -> Past Perfect
6) Present Perfect Continuous -> Past Perfect Continuous
7) Future Simple -> Future In The Past (czasownik modalny will->would, shall->should)
8) Future Continuous -> Future Continuous In The Past
9) Future Perfect -> Future Perfect In The Past
10) Czasowniki modalne (jak w 7. + can-> could, may -> might, have to -> had to, must -> had to; could, should, ought to -> nie zmieniają się)
Examples :
Paul says : "I love Mary"
(Mowa niezależna, direct speech)
Paul says (that) he loves Mary
(mowa zależna, indirect speech)
Następstwo czasów nie następuje, jest to aktualna opinia.
ad 1) Tom said : "I am tired"
(direct speech)
Tom said (that) he was tired
(indirect speech)
ad 2) I said : "I am doing my homework"
I said (that) I was doing my homework
ad3) George said : "I was in Praha last year"
George said (that) he had been in Praha the year before
ad 4) Jack said : "I was running"
Jack said (that) he had been running
ad 5) John said : "I have lived in London"
John said (that) he had lived in London
ad 6) John said : "I have been cleaning my room"
John said (that) he had been cleaning his room
ad 7) Teacher said : "we will finish write test in 5 minutes"
Teacher said (that) we would finish write test in 5 minutes
ad 8) Mr Brown said : "I will be going to Paris next week"
Mr Brown said (that) he would be going to Paris the following week
ad 9) Frank said : " I will have repaired that car tomorrow at 5"
Frank said (that) he would have repaired that car the next day at 5
ad 10) I said : "I can do this"
I said (that) I could do that
My mum said : "you must clean your room"
My mum said (that) I had to clean my room
Autorka tekstu udziela korepetycji Korepetytor Marika
Wyszukiwanie:
Sting - Shape Of My Heart
Kurs angielskiego dla początkujących
Społeczność e-ANG.pl
6:28 Online 5 osób